最近一项目中要求显示网络流量，而且必须使用C#。
事实上，调用 IpHlpApi.dll 的 GetIfTable API 可以轻易获得网络信息和网络流量。只是要在C#中实现还是比较复杂。
先看看怎么定义该 API
[DllImport("IpHlpApi.dll")]
extern static public uint GetIfTable(byte[] pIfTable, ref uint pdwSize, bool bOrder);
本来想把 pIfTable 定义为 IntPtr，但是这样的结果是，获取的信息是错误的（直到现在都不知是什么原因）。
但显然定义为 byte[] 是不能直接使用的。幸好在 Google Code Search 找到了三个类：
CustomtMarshaler.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
namespace Lemony.SystemInfo
{
/**////
/// CustomMarshaler class implementation.
///
public abstract class CustomMarshaler
{
Fields#region Fields
// The internal buffer
internal byte[] data;
private MemoryStream stream;
private BinaryReader binReader;
private BinaryWriter binWriter;
#endregion
constructors#region constructors
public CustomMarshaler()
{
}
#endregion
public methods#region public methods
public void Deserialize()
{
if (data != null)
{
if (binReader != null)
{
binReader.Close();
stream.Close();
}
// Create a steam from byte array
stream = new MemoryStream(data);
binReader = new BinaryReader(stream, System.Text.Encoding.Unicode);
ReadFromStream(binReader);
binReader.Close();
}
}
public void Serialize()
{
if (data != null)
{
stream = new MemoryStream(data);
binWriter = new BinaryWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.Unicode);
WriteToStream(binWriter);
binWriter.Close();
}
}
public int GetSize()
{
int size = 0;
FieldInfo[] fields = this.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
foreach (FieldInfo field in fields )
{
if (field.FieldType.IsArray)
{
size += GetFieldSize(field);
}
else if (field.FieldType == typeof(string))
{
size += GetFieldSize(field)*2;
}
else if (field.FieldType.IsPrimitive)
{
size += Marshal.SizeOf(field.FieldType);
}
}
return size;
}
#endregion
properties#region properties
public byte[] ByteArray
{
get
{
return data;
}
}
#endregion
virtual and protected methods#region virtual and protected methods
public virtual void ReadFromStream(BinaryReader reader)
{
object[] param = null;
// Get all public fields
FieldInfo[] fields = this.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
// Loop through the fields
foreach(FieldInfo field in fields)
{
// Retrieve the read method from ReadMethods hashtable
MethodInfo method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.ReadMethods[field.FieldType];
if (field.FieldType.IsArray)
{
Type element = field.FieldType.GetElementType();
if (element.IsValueType && element.IsPrimitive)
{
if ((element == typeof(char)) || element == typeof(byte))
{
param = new object[1];
param[0] = GetFieldSize(field);
field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(reader, param));
}
else // any other value type array
{
param = new object[2];
param[0] = reader;
param[1] = GetFieldSize(field);
field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(null, param));
}
}
else // array of sub structures
{
int size = GetFieldSize(field);
method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.ReadMethods[typeof(CustomMarshaler)];
Array objArray = Array.CreateInstance(element, size);
for(int i=0;i
objArray.SetValue(Activator.CreateInstance(element), i);
method.Invoke(objArray.GetValue(i), new object[]{reader});
}
field.SetValue(this, objArray);
}
}
else if (field.FieldType == typeof(string))
{
param = new object[2];
param[0] = reader;
param[1] = GetFieldSize(field);
field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(null, param));
}
else if (field.FieldType.IsValueType && field.FieldType.IsPrimitive)// regular value type
{
field.SetValue(this, method.Invoke(reader, null));
}
else //process substructure
{
CustomMarshaler subStruct = (CustomMarshaler)Activator.CreateInstance(field.FieldType);
subStruct.ReadFromStream(reader);
}
}
}
public virtual void WriteToStream(BinaryWriter writer)
{
object[] param = null;
FieldInfo[] fields = this.GetType().GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
foreach(FieldInfo field in fields)
{
// Check if we have any value
object value = field.GetValue(this);
MethodInfo method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.WriteMethods[field.FieldType];
if (field.FieldType.IsArray)
{
Type element = field.FieldType.GetElementType();
if (element.IsValueType && element.IsPrimitive)
{
//method.Invoke(writer, new object[] {value});
Array arrObject = (Array)field.GetValue(this);
param = new object[2];
param[0] = writer;
param[1] = arrObject;
method.Invoke(null, param);
}
else
{
//Get field size
int size = GetFieldSize(field);
//Get WriteToStream method
method = (MethodInfo)MarshallingMethods.WriteMethods[typeof(CustomMarshaler)];
Array arrObject = (Array)field.GetValue(this);
for(int i=0;i
method.Invoke(arrObject.GetValue(i), new object[]{writer});
}
}
}
else if (field.FieldType == typeof(string))
{
param = new object[3];
param[0] = writer;
param[1] = field.GetValue(this);
param[2] = GetFieldSize(field);
method.Invoke(null, param);
}
else if (field.FieldType.IsValueType && field.FieldType.IsPrimitive)// regular value type
{
method.Invoke(writer, new object[] {value});
}
}
}
protected int GetFieldSize(FieldInfo field)
{
int size = 0;
CustomMarshalAsAttribute attrib = (CustomMarshalAsAttribute)field.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(CustomMarshalAsAttribute), true)[0];
if (attrib != null)
{
if (attrib.SizeField != null)
{
FieldInfo sizeField = this.GetType().GetField(attrib.SizeField);
size = (int)sizeField.GetValue(this);
}
else
{
size = attrib.SizeConst;
}
}
return size;
}
#endregion
helper methods#region helper methods
private static bool CompareByteArrays (byte[] data1, byte[] data2)
{
// If both are null, they're equal
if (data1==null && data2==null)
{
return true;
}
// If either but not both are null, they're not equal
if (data1==null || data2==null)
{
return false;
}
if (data1.Length != data2.Length)
{
return false;
}
for (int i=0; i < data1.Length; i++)
{
if (data1[i] != data2[i])
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
#endregion
}
MarshallingMethods class#region MarshallingMethods class
/**////
/// MarshallingMethods class implementation.
///
public class MarshallingMethods
{
public static Hashtable ReadMethods = new Hashtable();
public static Hashtable WriteMethods = new Hashtable();
constructors#region constructors
static MarshallingMethods()
{
// Read Methods
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(bool), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadBoolean"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(byte), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadByte"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.SByte), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadSByte"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Single), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadSingle"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(byte[]), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadBytes"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(char[]), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadChars"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int16), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadInt16"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int32), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadInt32"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt16), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadUInt16"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt32), typeof(BinaryReader).GetMethod("ReadUInt32"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.String), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadString"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.DateTime), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadDateTime"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int16[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadInt16Array"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int32[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadInt32Array"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt16[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadUInt16Array"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt32[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("ReadUInt32Array"));
ReadMethods.Add(typeof(CustomMarshaler), typeof(CustomMarshaler).GetMethod("ReadFromStream"));
//Write Methods
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(bool), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(bool)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(byte), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(byte)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.SByte), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.SByte)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.Single), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.Single)}));
//WriteMethods.Add(typeof(byte[]), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(byte[])}));
//WriteMethods.Add(typeof(char[]), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(char[])}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int16), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.Int16)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.Int32), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.Int32)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt16), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.UInt16)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.UInt32), typeof(BinaryWriter).GetMethod("Write", new Type[]{typeof(System.UInt32)}));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(System.String), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteString"));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(CustomMarshaler), typeof(CustomMarshaler).GetMethod("WriteToStream"));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(bool[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(bool[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(char[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(char[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(short[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(short[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(ushort[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(ushort[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(int[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(int[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(uint[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(uint[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(long[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(long[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(ulong[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(ulong[]) }));
WriteMethods.Add(typeof(float[]), typeof(MarshallingMethods).GetMethod("WriteArray", new Type[] { typeof(BinaryWriter), typeof(float[]) }));
}
#endregion
static helper methods#region static helper methods
public static short[] ReadInt16Array(BinaryReader reader, int count)
{
short[] result = new short[count];
for(int i=0;i
result[i] = reader.ReadInt16();
}
return result;
}
public static int[] ReadInt32Array(BinaryReader reader, int count)
{
int[] result = new int[count];
for(int i=0;i
result[i] = reader.ReadInt32();
}
return result;
}
public static ushort[] ReadUInt16Array(BinaryReader reader, int count)
{
ushort[] result = new ushort[count];
for(int i=0;i
result[i] = reader.ReadUInt16();
}
return result;
}
public static uint[] ReadUInt32Array(BinaryReader reader, int count)
{
uint[] result = new uint[count];
for(int i=0;i
result[i] = reader.ReadUInt32();
}
return result;
}
public static string ReadString(BinaryReader reader, int count)
{
string result = "";
if (count == 0)
{
count = 255; //default
}
char[] data = reader.ReadChars(count);
result = new string(data).TrimEnd('\0');
return result;
}
public static void WriteString(BinaryWriter writer, string value, int size)
{
if (value!=null)
{
byte[] bstring = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(value.Substring(0, size));
writer.Write(bstring);
}
}
public static DateTime ReadDateTime(BinaryReader reader)
{
return DateTime.FromFileTime(reader.ReadInt64());
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, bool[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, char[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, byte[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, short[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, ushort[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, int[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, uint[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, long[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, ulong[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteArray(BinaryWriter writer, float[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
writer.Write(arr[i]);
}
}
public static void WriteSerializers(BinaryWriter writer, CustomMarshaler[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
arr[i].WriteToStream(writer);
}
}
#endregion
}
#endregion
CustomMarshalAsAttribute#region CustomMarshalAsAttribute
/**////
/// CustomMarshalAsAttribute implementaion.
///
public sealed class CustomMarshalAsAttribute : Attribute
{
public int SizeConst = 0;
public string SizeField = null;
}
#endregion
}
MIB_IFROW.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using , System.Text;
namespace Lemony.SystemInfo
{
public class MIB_IFROW : CustomMarshaler
{
[CustomMarshalAs(SizeConst = MAX_INTERFACE_NAME_LEN)]
public string wszName;
public uint dwIndex; // index of the interface
public uint dwType; // type of interface
public uint dwMtu; // max transmission unit
public uint dwSpeed; // speed of the interface
public uint dwPhysAddrLen; // length of physical address
[CustomMarshalAs(SizeConst = MAXLEN_PHYSADDR)]
public byte[] bPhysAddr; // physical address of adapter
public uint dwAdminStatus; // administrative status
public uint dwOperStatus; // operational status
public uint dwLastChange; // last time operational status changed
public uint dwInOctets; // octets received
public uint dwInUcastPkts; // unicast packets received
public uint dwInNUcastPkts; // non-unicast packets received
public uint dwInDiscards; // received packets discarded
public uint dwInErrors; // erroneous packets received
public uint dwInUnknownProtos; // unknown protocol packets received
public uint dwOutOctets; // octets sent
public uint dwOutUcastPkts; // unicast packets sent
public uint dwOutNUcastPkts; // non-unicast packets sent
public uint dwOutDiscards; // outgoing packets discarded
public uint dwOutErrors; // erroneous packets sent
public uint dwOutQLen; // output queue length
public uint dwDescrLen; // length of bDescr member
[CustomMarshalAs(SizeConst = MAXLEN_IFDESCR)]
public byte[] bDescr; // interface description
private const int MAX_INTERFACE_NAME_LEN = 256;
private const int MAXLEN_PHYSADDR = 8;
private const int MAXLEN_IFDESCR = 256;
private const int MAX_ADAPTER_NAME = 128;
}
}
MIB_IFTABLE.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace Lemony.SystemInfo
{
/**////
/// IFTable
///
public class MIB_IFTABLE : CustomMarshaler
{
public int dwNumEntries;
[CustomMarshalAs(SizeField = "dwNumEntries")]
public MIB_IFROW[] Table;
public MIB_IFTABLE()
{
this.data = new byte[this.GetSize()];
}
public MIB_IFTABLE(int size)
{
this.data = new byte[size];
}
}
}
再定义一个 NetInfo 类，存储网络信息
NetInfo.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Lemony.SystemInfo
{
/**////
/// 网络类型
///
public enum NetType
{
Other = 1,
Ethernet = 6,
Tokenring = 9,
FDDI = 15,
PPP = 23,
Loopback = 24,
Slip = 28
};
/**////
/// 网络状态
///
public enum NetState
{
NotOperational = 0,
Operational = 1,
Disconnected = 2,
Connecting = 3,
Connected = 4,
Unreachable = 5
};
/**////
/// 网络信息类
///
public class NetInfo
{
public NetInfo()
{
}
private string m_Name;
/**////
/// 名称
///
public string Name
{
get { return m_Name; }
set { m_Name = value; }
}
private uint m_Index;
/**////
/// 有效编号
///
public uint Index
{
get { return m_Index; }
set { m_Index = value; }
}
private NetType m_Type;
/**////
/// 类型
///
public NetType Type
{
get { return m_Type; }
set { m_Type = value; }
}
private uint m_Speed;
/**////
/// 速度
///
public uint Speed
{
get { return m_Speed; }
set { m_Speed = value; }
}
private uint m_InOctets;
/**////
/// 总接收字节数
///
public uint InOctets
{
get { return m_InOctets; }
set { m_InOctets = value; }
}
private uint m_OutOctets;
/**////
/// 总发送字节数
///
public uint OutOctets
{
get { return m_OutOctets; }
set { m_OutOctets = value; }
}
private NetState m_Status;
/**////
/// 操作状态
///
public NetState Status
{
get { return m_Status; }
set { m_Status = value; }
}
private uint m_InErrors;
/**////
/// 总错收字节数
///
public uint InErrors
{
get { return m_InErrors; }
set { m_InErrors = value; }
}
private uint m_OutErrors;
/**////
/// 总错发字节数
///
public uint OutErrors
{
get { return m_OutErrors; }
set { m_OutErrors = value; }
}
private uint m_InUnknownProtos;
/**////
/// 未知协议共收字节数
///
public uint InUnknownProtos
{
get { return m_InUnknownProtos; }
set { m_InUnknownProtos = value; }
}
private string m_PhysAddr;
/**////
/// 物理地址
///
public string PhysAddr
{
get { return m_PhysAddr; }
set { m_PhysAddr = value; }
}
}
}
OK，现在可以获取网络信息了
/**////
/// Get IFTable
///
///
private static MIB_IFTABLE GetAllIfTable()
{
//缓冲区大小
uint dwSize = 0;
//获取缓冲区大小
uint ret = GetIfTable(null, ref dwSize, false);
if (ret == 50)
{
//此函数仅支持于 win98/nt 系统
return null;
}
//定义，获取 MIB_IFTABLE 对象
MIB_IFTABLE tbl = new MIB_IFTABLE((int)dwSize);
ret = GetIfTable(tbl.ByteArray, ref dwSize, false);
//如果不成功
if (ret != 0)
{
return null;
}
return tbl;
}
/**////
/// Get NetInfo Class
///
/// MIB_IFROW Class
///
private static NetInfo GetNetInfo(MIB_IFROW row)
{
NetInfo ninfo = new NetInfo();
ninfo.Index = row.dwIndex;
ninfo.Name = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(row.bDescr, 0, (int)row.dwDescrLen);
ninfo.PhysAddr = GetPhysAddr(row.bPhysAddr, (int)row.dwPhysAddrLen);
ninfo.Type = (NetType)row.dwType;
ninfo.Status = (NetState)row.dwOperStatus;
ninfo.Speed = row.dwSpeed;
ninfo.InErrors = row.dwInErrors;
ninfo.InOctets = row.dwInOctets;
ninfo.InUnknownProtos = row.dwInUnknownProtos;
ninfo.OutErrors = row.dwOutErrors;
ninfo.OutOctets = row.dwOutOctets;
return ninfo;
}
/**////
/// 获取所有的网络信息
///
///
public static List
{
//定义范型
List
//定义，获取 MIB_IFTABLE 对象
MIB_IFTABLE tbl = GetAllIfTable();
//如果成功
if (tbl != null)
{
tbl.Deserialize();
for (int i = 0; i < tbl.Table.Length; i++)
{
ninfos.Add(GetNetInfo(tbl.Table[i]));
}
}
return ninfos;
}
PS：事实上，我把获取网络、CPU、内存、磁盘、进程信息等功能封装起来，并做了一个比较完善的 Windows 任务管理器，整理完后发布源码。
