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发布时间:2015-09-26 作者:网络 阅读:184次

这个文章还是有一些可以借鉴的地方

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最近在程序中做一动态截屏功能的小程序;
在完成过程中,遇到了许多问题,
现将其中重要的过程记录如下:

1,要实现动态截屏的原理
刚开始并不知,以为可以得到桌面的句柄直接调用左右鼠标点击得到.
哪有那么如想像中的美事
看了许多别人的程序.,特别是QQ的动态截屏功能,
他们在截屏的时候桌面都是静态的.
原来此时的背景是一个最大化的FORM,把其标题栏,按钮等都取消了.
像做桌面保护程序那样的风格.
在这个FORM中得到它的两个坐标是很容易的事;
也就是说:先截全屏到一个FORM中显示
在这个FORM中截你所想要的一部分并在第一个FORM中显示所截部分;
这样就出现了要在两个之间传值;
最初为了避免传值(呵呵,当时不会传值),我先把所截部分保存一张图片,
在第一个FORM中检测是晋中有图片存在,有则显示出来
功能是实现了,但有了新问题?只能截一次!
原因是,第二要截屏则要删除保存的图片,为第二次截屏准备,但异常显示
图片资源被调用,无法删除.也是为什么第二次截图不能保存的原因.
mypicturebox.Image=null;这样的操作也不行的.(有谁知道的怎么样消除调用资源的告诉我一下)
看来这个笨方法不工作了.
在网上找到两种FORM间传值的方法.
一]新建类过渡传值.
二]传递第一个FORM的地址.

2具体实现
清楚了实现原理,就不难实现其功能了~*~
我先用第二个方法实现!
(1)先在第一个FORM中用一按钮启动截屏程序
            this.Hide();//隐藏主对话框.
            Thread.Sleep(150);//停止一下
           
            AllBitmap = Getallscreen();//调用动态截屏
           
            CaptureScreen CaptureS = new CaptureScreen(AllBitmap,this);// 传递全屏BITMAP和地址
            CaptureS.ShowDialog();
            this.Show();
其中调用了截全屏的函数Getallscreen()
        private Bitmap Getallscreen()
        {
            //建立屏幕Graphics
            Graphics grpScreen = Graphics.FromHwnd(IntPtr.Zero);
            //根据屏幕大小建立位图
            Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width, Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height, grpScreen);
            //建立位图相关Graphics
            Graphics grpBitmap = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);
            //建立屏幕上下文
            IntPtr hdcScreen = grpScreen.GetHdc();
            //建立位图上下文
            IntPtr hdcBitmap = grpBitmap.GetHdc();
            //将屏幕捕获保存在图位中
            BitBlt(hdcBitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height, hdcScreen, 0, 0, 0x00CC0020);
            //关闭位图句柄
            grpBitmap.ReleaseHdc(hdcBitmap);
            //关闭屏幕句柄
            grpScreen.ReleaseHdc(hdcScreen);
            //释放位图对像
            grpBitmap.Dispose();
            //释放屏幕对像
            grpScreen.Dispose();
            //返回捕获位图
            return bitmap;
        }
在截全屏函数中用到了一个API函数.
则进行如下操作
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

         [DllImportAttribute("gdi32.dll")]
         public static extern bool BitBlt(
         IntPtr hdcDest,    //目标设备的句柄
         int nXDest,        // 目标对象的左上角的X坐标
         int nYDest,        // 目标对象的左上角的X坐标
         int nWidth,        // 目标对象的矩形的宽度
         int nHeight,       // 目标对象的矩形的长度
         IntPtr hdcSrc,     // 源设备的句柄
         int nXSrc,         // 源对象的左上角的X坐标
         int nYSrc,         // 源对象的左上角的X坐标
         System.Int32 dwRop // 光栅的操作值
         );

(2)到了最重要的地方,要想把第二个FORM中的数据传递过来就得在第一个FORM中的相应的显示处理程序
我用下列函数
        public void SetMyImage(Bitmap mybitmap)//注意是public类型
        {
            this.mypictureBox.Image = mybitmap;//显示
            myimage = mybitmap;                //用于重画
            PreBtn.Enabled = true;             //用于保存图片
        }
第一个FORM中用到一些变量
        public Image myimage=null;
        public Bitmap AllBitmap;
(3)在第一个FORM中调用了第二个FORM,其中构造函数传递了全屏的BITMAP,
所以第二个FORM中加上一个构造函数:
        public CaptureScreen(Bitmap bit,Form parentForm)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.allbitmap = bit;
            this._parentForm = parentForm;
        }
传递了图片信息在FORM_LOAD中加载显示
        private void CaptureScreen_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.TopMost = true;//让其最前显示
            this.allpicture.Image = allbitmap;
      gg = this.allpicture.CreateGraphics();//创建一个Graphics为后面建立提示信息准备
        }
(4)要截部分屏幕,当然要确定一下范围.用左右鼠标键来确定.
用到下面三个函数
        private void allpicture_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (isdoubleclick == true)
            {
                point1.X = e.X;
                point1.Y = e.Y;
                isdraw = true;
                gg.DrawString("按Esc键退出截图程序程序", new Font("Tahoma", 13, FontStyle.Underline),
                                  new SolidBrush(Color.Blue), e.X,e.Y);
            }
        }

        private void allpicture_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            this.allpicture.Refresh();
            if (isdraw == true)
            {
                int hh,ww;         //计算截图位置和开始点位置
                Point startpoint=new Point(0,0);
                if (e.X < point1.X && e.Y < point1.Y)
                {
                    startpoint.X = e.X;
                    startpoint.Y = e.Y;
                    hh = (int)(point1.X - e.X);
                    ww = (int)(point1.Y - e.Y);
                }
                if (e.X > point1.X && e.Y < point1.Y)
                {
                    startpoint.X = point1.X;
                    startpoint.Y = e.Y;
                    hh = (int)(e.X - point1.X);
                    ww = (int)(point1.Y - e.Y);
                }
                if (e.X < point1.X && e.Y > point1.Y)
                {
                    startpoint.X = e.X;
                    startpoint.Y = point1.Y;
                    hh = (int)(point1.X - e.X);
                    ww = (int)(e.Y - point1.Y);
                }
                else
                {
                    startpoint = point1;
                    hh = (int)(e.X - point1.X);
                    ww = (int)(e.Y - point1.Y);
                }
                gg.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.FromArgb(9, 247, 32)), startpoint.X,
                                            startpoint.Y, hh, ww);//截图范围示意图
               
                int hhh, www;//显示提示信息位置
                if ((int)(e.X - point1.X) > 0)
                    hhh = (int)(e.X - point1.X);
                else
                    hhh = (int)(point1.X - e.X);
                if ((int)(e.Y - point1.Y) > 0)
                    www = (int)(e.Y - point1.Y);
                else
                    www = (int)(point1.Y - e.Y);
                string mystr = "截取范围:\n    宽:" + hhh + "\n    高:" + www;
                gg.DrawString(mystr, new Font("Tahoma", 10, FontStyle.Underline),
                                     new SolidBrush(Color.Red), e.X,e.Y);//h1, w1);
                gg.DrawString("按Esc键退出截图程序程序", new Font("Tahoma", 13, FontStyle.Underline),
                                                         new SolidBrush(Color.Blue), point1.X, point1.Y-22);         
            }
        }

        private void allpicture_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (isdoubleclick == true)
            {
                point2.X = e.X;
                point2.Y = e.Y;
                isdoubleclick = false;
            }
        }

第二个FORM中用到的变量:
        private Point  point1 = new Point();   //开始位置
        private Point  point2 = new Point();   //最后位置
        private bool   isdraw = false;         //是否开始画直线
        private bool   isdoubleclick = true;    //是否可以双击
        public  Bitmap newbitmap;               //截的部分图像
        private Bitmap allbitmap;              //全屏图像
        private Form   _parentForm = null;
        private Graphics gg;

        public static int h1;//显示提示位置
        public static int w1;
截屏用到的API函数:
        #region 导入函数
       
        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr CreateDC(string lpszDriver, string lpszDrivse, string lpszOutput, Int32 lpInitData);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hdc);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern int GetDeviceCaps(IntPtr hdc, Int32 nIndex);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hdc, int nWidth, int nHeight);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hdc, IntPtr hgdiobj);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern int BitBlt(IntPtr hdcDest, int nXDest, int nYDest,
                 int nWidth, int nHeight, IntPtr hdcSrc, int nXSrc, int nYSrc, UInt32 dwRop);

        [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
        private static extern int DeleteDC(IntPtr hdc);

        #endregion
(5)现在可以调用截取部分屏幕的函数  
        private void allpicture_DoubleClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.allpicture.Refresh();//先擦出提示信息,食品店提示信息什么地方都可以显示;
            newbitmap = GetPartScreen(point1, point2);
            ((MyTool)_parentForm).SetMyImage(newbitmap);//通过传地址调用第一个FORM的图片显示函数
            this.Close();//该窗口关闭 // Application.Exit();应用程序退出
        }
下面是GetPartScreen函数的具体实现 private static Bitmap GetPartScreen(Point p, Point pp)
        {
            IntPtr hscrdc, hmemdc;
            IntPtr hbitmap, holdbitmap;
            int nx, ny, nxx, nyy;
            nx = nxx = ny = nyy = 0;
            int nwidth, nheight;
            int xscrn, yscrn;

            hscrdc = CreateDC("DISPLAY", null, null, 0);//(IntPtr)null);// 0);//创建DC句柄
            hmemdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hscrdc);//创建一个内存DC
            xscrn = GetDeviceCaps(hscrdc, 8);//*HORZRES*/);//获取屏幕宽度//wingdi.h
            yscrn = GetDeviceCaps(hscrdc, 10);//*VERTRES*/);//获取屏幕高度//wingdi.h

            nx = p.X;
            ny = p.Y;
            nxx = pp.X;
            nyy = pp.Y;    

            if (nx < 0)      //检查数值合法性
                nx = 0;
            if (ny < 0)
                ny = 0;
            if (nxx > xscrn)
                nxx = xscrn;
            if (nyy > yscrn)
                nyy = yscrn;

            if (nxx - nx > 0)//截取范围的宽度
            {
                nwidth = nxx - nx;
            }
            else
            {
                nwidth = nx - nxx;
            }
            if (nyy - ny > 0)//截取范围的高度
            {
                nheight = nyy - ny;
            }
            else
            {
                nheight = ny - nyy;
            }

            if (nxx < nx && nyy < ny)
            {
                h1 = nx;
                w1 = ny;

                int k;
                k = nxx;
                nxx = nx;
                nx = k;

                k = nyy;
                nyy = ny;
                ny = k;
            }

            if (nxx < nx && nyy > ny)
            {
                h1 = nx;
                w1 = nyy;

                nx = nxx;
            }
            if (nx < nxx && ny > nyy)
            {
                h1=nx;
                w1 = nyy;

                ny = nyy;
            }

            hbitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hscrdc, nwidth, nheight);//从内存DC复制到hbitmap句柄
            holdbitmap = SelectObject(hmemdc, hbitmap);
            BitBlt(hmemdc, 0, 0, nwidth, nheight, hscrdc, nx, ny, (UInt32)0xcc0020);
            hbitmap = SelectObject(hmemdc, holdbitmap);
            DeleteDC(hscrdc);//删除用过的对象
            DeleteDC(hmemdc);//删除用过的对象
            return Bitmap.FromHbitmap(hbitmap);//用Bitmap.FromHbitmap从hbitmap返回Bitmap
        }
(6)我们传递了地址.怎么实现的传地址呢.委托!(具体委托知识请查教程委托部分!)
在第一个FORM中申请委托:
public delegate void mydelegate(Bitmap mybitmap);//类外

全部功能实现,可你会发现传递的图片没有显示在第一个FORM中的图片控件中
为什么呢,我可是花了七八个小时才知,因为那时我晕了
原来我们在截图时隐藏了FORM1,又接着显示,再关闭了FORM2,使显示的图片没有更新,
所以现在你知道该怎么做了吧.
重载OnPaint函数:
        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);
            if (myimage != null)
                this.mypictureBox.Image = myimage;
            else
            {
                this.mypictureBox.Image = null;
                this.mypictureBox.Refresh();
            }
        }
(7)大功告成,不知你是否!
(8)现在简单用过渡类实现一下传值:
我只给出不相同的部分,有不明白的可以联系我共同讨论;
第一个FORM截屏时
            PassBitmap newpassbitmap = new PassBitmap();//注意这.
            newpassbitmap.PassBitmapEvent += new SendBitmap(this.SetMyImage);
           
            this.Hide();
            Thread.Sleep(150);
           
            AllBitmap = Getallscreen();//调用动态截屏
           
            CaptureScreen CaptureS = new CaptureScreen(AllBitmap, newpassbitmap);
            CaptureS.ShowDialog();
            this.Show();
第二个FORM的构造函数
        public CaptureScreen(Bitmap bit,PassBitmap bitmapss)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.allbitmap = bit;
            this.bitmapss=bitmapss;
        }
双击截屏时:
            newbitmap = GetPartScreen(point1, point2);
            bitmapss.PassGetBitmap(newbitmap);

其中过渡类:
using System;
using System.Drawing;

namespace BoberTool
{
    public delegate void SendBitmap(Bitmap mybitmap);

    public class PassBitmap
    {
        public Bitmap mybitmaps;
        public event SendBitmap PassBitmapEvent;

        public void PassGetBitmap(Bitmap bitmaps)
        {
            if (bitmaps != null)
                PassBitmapEvent(bitmaps);
        }
    }
}

基本上实现了功能!
由于我是初学者.其中必然存在许多小问题,欢迎大家和我共同讨论!
QQ47145481
E-MAIL:bob_er@sina.com

2006.10.28


 

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