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发布时间:2015-09-26 作者:网络 阅读:447次


  问题的提出:如何在FORM的程序中实现Oracle与Access表之间的导入和导出。

  问题的解答:

  准备工作:

  1.安装OCA。运行Developer的安装盘,选择自定义安装,选择Oracle Open Client Adapter for ODBC安装。

  2.在数据源(ODBC)中添加DSN。控制面板->管理工具->数据源(ODBC),选择“用户DSN”,添加要进行操作的Access的文件。在“高级”选项里,填上“登录名称”和“密码”(很重要,在程序中会用到)。

  下面以实际例子来说明:

  假设在Oracle中和Access中都有一个student表,表中字段相同(name char(10) ,age number(2)),在准备工作2中的“数据源名”为test,“登录名称”和“密码”都为user。

  下面为从Oracle导出到Access的procedure:

  以下是引用片段:
  PROCEDURE oracle_to_access IS
  connection_id EXEC_SQL.ConnType;
  action_cursor EXEC_SQL.CursType;
  ignore PLS_INTEGER;
  t_name student.name%type;
  t_age student.age%type;
  cursor temp_cursor is select * from student;
  BEGIN
  connection_id:= EXEC_SQL.OPEN_CONNECTION('user/user@odbc:test',',',');
  action_cursor := EXEC_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR(connection_id,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.PARSE(connection_id, action_cursor,'delete * from student',',',');
  ignore := EXEC_SQL.EXECUTE(connection_id, action_cursor,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(connection_id,action_cursor,',',');
  open temp_cursor;
  export_count := 0;
  action_cursor := EXEC_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR(connection_id,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.PARSE(connection_id, action_cursor,'INSERT INTO student(name,age) values(:1,:2)',',',');
  loop
  fetch temp_cursor into t_name,t_age;  
  exit when temp_cursor%notfound;
  EXEC_SQL.BIND_VARIABLE(connection_id,action_cursor, ':1', t_name,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.BIND_VARIABLE(connection_id,action_cursor, ':2', t_age,',',');
  ignore := EXEC_SQL.EXECUTE(connection_id, action_cursor,',',');
  end loop;
  close temp_cursor;
  EXEC_SQL.PARSE(connection_id, action_cursor,'commit',',',');
  ignore := EXEC_SQL.EXECUTE(connection_id,action_cursor,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(connection_id,action_cursor,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CONNECTION(connection_id,',',');
  EXCEPTION
  WHEN EXEC_SQL.PACKAGE_ERROR THEN
  IF EXEC_SQL.LAST_ERROR_CODE(connection_id) != 0 THEN
  message('数据导出至ACCESS失败: ' || TO_CHAR(EXEC_SQL.LAST_ERROR_CODE(connection_id)) || ': ' || EXEC_SQL.LAST_ERROR_MESG(connection_id),',',');
  END IF;
  IF EXEC_SQL.IS_CONNECTED(connection_id) THEN
  IF EXEC_SQL.IS_OPEN(connection_id,action_cursor) THEN
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(connection_id,action_cursor,',',');  
  END IF;
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CONNECTION(connection_id,',',');
  END IF;
  END;
  下面为从Access导出到Oracles的procedure:
  PROCEDURE Access_to_oracle IS
  connection_id EXEC_SQL.ConnType;
  action_cursor EXEC_SQL.CursType;
  ignore PLS_INTEGER;
  t_name student.name%type;
  t_age student.age%type;
  BEGIN
  connection_id := EXEC_SQL.OPEN_CONNECTION('user/user@odbc:test',',',');
  action_cursor := EXEC_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR(connection_id,',',');
  delete from student;
  EXEC_SQL.PARSE(connection_id, action_cursor,'select name,age from student',',',');
  ignore := EXEC_SQL.EXECUTE(connection_id, action_cursor,',',');
  exec_sql.define_column(connection_id,action_cursor,1,t_name,10,',',');
  exec_sql.define_column(connection_id,action_cursor,2,t_age,',',');
  ignore := EXEC_SQL.EXECUTE(connection_id, action_cursor,',',');  
  while(exec_sql.fetch_rows(connection_id,action_cursor)>0)
  loop
  exec_sql.column_value(connection_id,action_cursor,1,t_name,',',');
  exec_sql.column_value(connection_id,action_cursor,2,t_age,',',');
  insert into test(name,age) values(t_name,t_age,',',');
  end loop;
  commit;
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(connection_id,action_cursor,',',');
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CONNECTION(connection_id,',',');
  EXCEPTION
  WHEN EXEC_SQL.PACKAGE_ERROR THEN
  IF EXEC_SQL.LAST_ERROR_CODE(connection_id) != 0 THEN
  message('数据导入至ORACLE失败: ' || TO_CHAR(EXEC_SQL.LAST_ERROR_CODE(connection_id)) || ': ' || EXEC_SQL.LAST_ERROR_MESG(connection_id),',',');
  END IF;
  IF EXEC_SQL.IS_CONNECTED(connection_id) THEN
  IF EXEC_SQL.IS_OPEN(connection_id,action_cursor) THEN
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CURSOR(connection_id,action_cursor,',',');
  END IF;
  EXEC_SQL.CLOSE_CONNECTION(connection_id,',',');  
  END IF;
  END;

  注意:EXEC_SQL.BIND_VARIABLE中绑定的变量只能是以下三种类型:NUMBER,DATE,VARCHAR2。对于Access中的“是/否”的布尔型变量,可以用NUMBER类型的1和0来表示。如果Access中的表名或者字段名中有空格,在写SQL语句的时候可以用双引号把表名或者字段名包括起来,如:本例中如果Access中表名为student detail,字段名分别为student name和student age,那插入数据的SQL语句为:insert into “student detail”(“student name”,”student age”) values(:1,:2)。   请作者联系本站,及时附注您的姓名。联系邮箱:edu#chinaz.com(把#改为@)。


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