MySQL集群安装与配置

MySQL Cluster 是 MySQL 适合于分布式计算环境的高实用、高冗余版本。它采用了NDB Cluster 存储引擎，允许在1个 Cluster 中运行多个MySQL服务器。MySQL Cluster 能够使用多种故障切换和负载平衡选项配置NDB存储引擎，但在 Cluster 级别上的存储引擎上做这个最简单。下面我们简单介绍MySQL Cluster如何安装与配置。
基本设定
管理(MGM)节点:192.168.0.111
MySQL服务器(SQL)节点:192.168.0.110
数据(NDBD)节点"A":192.168.0.112
数据(NDBD)节点"B":192.168.0.113

一、mysql集群安装

mysql的集群安装可以有三种方式，一是直接下载二进制使用，二是使用rpm安装，三是源码编译。我们这里使用第一种安装。
1、每个节点做相同的操作

	
			cd /tmp

			wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-Cluster-7.2/mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.8-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz

			tar xzf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.8-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz

			mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.2.8-linux2.6-i686 /usr/local/mysql

注意：这里下载的是32位的二进制包，如果你的系统是64位，需要下载64位的包。
2、存储节点和SQL节点安装

	
			groupadd mysql

			useradd -g mysql mysql

			/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

			chown -R root /usr/local/mysql

			chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data

			chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql

			cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

二、节点配置

1、配置存储节点和SQL节点

	
			vi /etc/my.cnf

			类似于：

			# Options for mysqld process:

			[MYSQLD]                       

			ndbcluster                      # run NDB engine

			ndb-connectstring=198.168.0.111  # location of MGM node

			# Options for ndbd process:

			[MYSQL_CLUSTER]                 

			ndb-connectstring=198.168.0.111  # location of MGM node

2、配置管理节点

	
			mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster

			cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster

			vi config.ini

			config.ini文件应类似于：

			# Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:

			[NDBD DEFAULT]   

			NoOfReplicas=2    # Number of replicas

			DataMemory=80M    # How much memory to allocate for data storage

			IndexMemory=18M   # How much memory to allocate for index storage

			                  # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the

			                  # default values. Since the "world" database takes up

			                  # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for

			                  # this example Cluster setup.

			# TCP/IP options:

			[TCP DEFAULT]     

			portnumber=2202   # This the default; however, you can use any

			                  # port that is free for all the hosts in cluster

			                  # Note: It is recommended beginning with MySQL 5.0 that

			                  # you do not specify the portnumber at all and simply allow

			                  # the default value to be used instead

			# Management process options:

			[NDB_MGMD]                     

			hostname=198.168.0.111           # Hostname or IP address of MGM node

			datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster  # Directory for MGM node logfiles

			# Options for data node "A":

			[NDBD]                         

			                                # (one [NDBD] section per data node)

			hostname=198.168.0.112         # Hostname or IP address

			datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's datafiles

			# Options for data node "B":

			[NDBD]                         

			hostname=198.168.0.113       # Hostname or IP address

			datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   # Directory for this data node's datafiles

			# SQL node options:

			[MYSQLD]                       

			hostname=198.168.0.110           # Hostname or IP address

			                                # (additional mysqld connections can be

			                                # specified for this node for various

			                                # purposes such as running ndb_restore)

三、首次启动节点

1、启动管理节点

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd --configdir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini

2、启动数据节点
首次启动需要--initial参数初始化，下一次启动就不需要了。

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial

3、启动SQL节点

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe  &

4、检查状态
如果一切正常，执行命令 /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -e show应该会输出类似信息：

[root@localhost mysql-cluster]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -e show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 @192.168.0.112 (mysql-5.5.27 ndb-7.2.8, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3 @192.168.0.113 (mysql-5.5.27 ndb-7.2.8, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1 @192.168.0.111 (mysql-5.5.27 ndb-7.2.8)

[mysqld(API)] 1 node(s)
id=4 @192.168.0.110 (mysql-5.5.27 ndb-7.2.8)

四、测试服务是否正常

在SQL节点上执行如下数据库操作：

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p

			mysql> create database clusterdb;use clusterdb;

			mysql> create table simples (id int not null primary key) engine=ndb;

			mysql> insert into simples values (1),(2),(3),(4);

			mysql> select * from simples;

如果出现：
+----+
| id |
+----+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 4 |
| 3 |
+----+
则表示工作正常。

五、安全关闭和重启

1、关闭mysql集群，可在管理节点在执行如下命令：

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm -e shutdown

2、重启管理节点

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd --configdir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini

3、重启数据节点

	
			/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd

MySQL集群安装与配置

一、mysql集群安装

二、节点配置

三、首次启动节点

四、测试服务是否正常

五、安全关闭和重启

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